Process of manufacturing ice-cream.



No. s5|,4|2. Phtented lune I2, 1900.

H. BIEDER.

PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING ICE CREAM.

(Application filed Sept. 29, 1899.)

(No Model.)

' 6Znvezulor, .33 g

Wit/a ass 66 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HERMAN BIEDER, OF ASHTA'BU LA, OHIO.

PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING ICE-CREAM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 651,412, dated June 12, 1900. Application filed September 29, 1899- i (NO model) To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HERMAN BIEDER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Ashtabula, county of Ashtabula, and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvementin Processes of Manufacturing Ice- Cream, of which the following is a specification the principle of the invention being herein explained and the best mode in which I have contemplated applying that principle so as to distinguish it from other inventions.

My invention relates to the manufacture of ice-cream or similar congealed products; and it consists of a process for such manufacture having for its aim the reduction in cost of manufacture and the increase of smoothness and homogeneity in the resulting products.

The annexed drawing and the following description set forth in detail one mode of carrying out the invention, such disclosed mode constituting but one of variousways in which the principle of the invention may be used.

In said annexed drawing the figure represents a diagrammatic View of an apparatus for carrying out my improved process, partly in section and partly in elevation.

A freezing-can A, in which the ingredients of the desired product are placed, is mounted in a receptacle B and removable therefrom, the details of construction being preferably as shown and described in my application for United States Letters Patent, Serial No. 723,528, filed July 12, 1899. Said can is provided 'with a removable cover I), having anair duct or pipe I), which communicateswith the interior of the can and exterior of the receptacle, as shown, a check-valve 19 being located in said pipe to prohibit such communication when the pressure inside the can is greater than that without. A suitable source of air or gas under pressure is provided, such as an air compressor 0 and intermediate storage-tank D, suitable connections E being also provided, whereby said source may be connected with the outer end of said pipe, and hence with the interior of the can, such connection being made separable at the exterior surface of the receptacle A by suitable means.

In the operation of my process the mixture to be treated is placed in the freezing-can and confined and sealed by securing the airtight cover I) in place thereon. Said can is then placed inside the receptacle B, surrounded by freezing mixture or other means for producing the required temperature and said receptacle and can rotated, the contents of the can being mixed during such rotation by a dasher suitably located and secured, as in the ordinary manufacture of ice-cream. The

-freezing process is then permitted to proceed to an empirically-predetermined point, when connection is made with the air-compressor and the pressure of the air inside the can raised above that of the atmosphere without. Such increase of pressure is accomplished without establishing communication with the interior of the can and the surrounding atmosphere, and hence such pressure is communicated to every particle of air, separating every molecule of the frozen mixture. The freezing process is then resumed and completed, during which time the compressed air is permitted to thoroughly diffuse throughout the entire mass of the frozen contents by the mixing process. On such completion the can is removed from receptacle A and the cover I) removed, whereupon the air inside expands the frozen mixture, every particle of which is thus subjected to such force, resulting in a light, smooth, and homogeneous mass of congealed product.

Other modes of applying the principle of my invention may be employed instead of the one explained, change being made as regards the mechanism herein disclosed, provided the steps covered by the following claim he employed.

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention- The method of manufacturing congealed products, which consists in confining the mixture to be congealed in a sealed receptacle, congealing said mixture, injecting a gas under pressure into same While so sealed, diffusing such compressed gas in said mixture and then permitting said gas to expand, substantially as set forth.

Signed by me this 20th day of September, 1899.

n. manna.

Attest:

' D. T. DAVIES,

A. E. MERKEL. 

